Inheritance tax in Iowa

I am an estate planning attorney in Des Moines.

Some attorneys do inheritance tax returns, and some do not. I personally have done a few of these in the past month.

Many parts of the return are similar to the estate inventory for probate proceedings, so often the lawyer handling the probate proceeding (if it was intestate or will) will have the information you need.

In general, if you are not a direct child of the testator, you will owe money on the inheritance for any assets which aren’t otherwise taxed as income. **edit for clarity** Most assets are NOT considered income when inherited. Things like bank accounts, cars, real estate, etc.

However, if you’re inheriting some types of IRAs/401(k)s/403(b)s as a beneficiary, there won’t be inheritance tax, but instead it would be taxed as income for you as you take the money out over time. Depending on whether there were a few specific types of trusts put into place by the testator, this can be quite complicated from a tax perspective, and the laws changed significantly in 2019.

Most well drafted wills/trusts will explain whether the tax is to be paid by the beneficiary or the estate.

If you know the attorney handling the estate, that’s probably your best bet for who to reach out to.

As a nephew, if she died last year, it will end up as a 6% inheritance tax on the assets passed to you (other than qualified retirement plans like IRAs or 401(k)s).

I would also second the comment that suggested a revocable trust. Typically they are more expensive than wills (due to drafting costs and the amount of work with retitling assets), but if done correctly, you can avoid the probate process altogether, which can cost up to 2% of the entire value of the estate.
If the estate is over 1MM in total. I recommend getting an attorney who charges by the hour and not percentage. Can save you A LOT of money.
 
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jointly owned property is still subject to the Iowa inheritance tax.

remember, though, that the inheritance tax is being phased out and won't exist in 2025.

also, even as it currently exists, it doesn't apply to a spouse or to a lineal descendent.
 
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That's Federal. Iowa has Inheritance Tax for non-lineal decendants.

The complex one I had to deal with was:

2 brothers who lived together on a farm. 1 brother passed away with no will so everything went to the remaining brother because he was the only direct family member.

The remaining brother then passed away 2 weeks after the first brother but he had a will leaving everything to his cousin (my client).

So we had to do one Inheritance Tax return for 1/2 the estate for the first brothers inheritance and then had to do another Inheritance tax return for the cousin for the entire amount of the estate. It was a lot of farm land mainly that had a very high value. The State got a really nice chunk of money from this situation.

I learned a lot with that scenario.
Wait til you get one with an unvested contingent remainder that constitutes a taxable share where you need to defer tax. You haven't lived til you do one of those!

Second favorite was a sprinkle trust with several beneficiaries who were not lineal descendants. It took the IDR over 9 months to process the return. Fun times.

It will be nice for the Iowa Inheritance tax to be gone. Nebraska also has one. That was more fun to figure out when I first started doing those. Iowa at least has a full set of regs.
 
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@isufbcurt Could i just add someone as a co-owner to all property and joint account holder to everything to avoid any taxes?
Nope. Joint property is taxed as a transfer. Unless of course the joint holder is a lineal descendant, spouse, lineal ascendant, or charity.

The Iowa tax reaches all sorts of transfers that take effect at death including joint accounts, beneficiary designations on bank accounts or investment accounts, etc.

As earlier posted up thread, it doesn't tax things that will be taxed to the beneficiary for income tax purposes (like traditional retirement accounts). It also generally doesn't tax life insurance proceeds.


Yes, I know I'm not Curt.
 
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jointly owned property is still subject to the Iowa inheritance tax.

remember, though, that the inheritance tax is being phased out and won't exist in 2025.

also, even as it currently exists, it doesn't apply to a spouse or to a lineal descendent.
What if they did a quit claim deed?
 
If you’re a lineal descendent there is still the issue of capital gains tax, so another reason why it would not be better to QCD a relative and add them with you as an owner to your property. If you inherit the property, and then sell I don’t believe there are much if any capital gains taxes. But if you add your family member to the property, I think the capital gains would be based on the initial value when the family member was added to the property. Tax peeps, feel free to correct me if I’m wrong.
 
If you’re a lineal descendent there is still the issue of capital gains tax, so another reason why it would not be better to QCD a relative and add them with you as an owner to your property. If you inherit the property, and then sell I don’t believe there are much if any capital gains taxes. But if you add your family member to the property, I think the capital gains would be based on the initial value when the family member was added to the property. Tax peeps, feel free to correct me if I’m wrong.
I went through this situation a couple years ago with my mom's estate. When my mom bought the house, the attorney added my name to the house with the rational that if she went to a care center, I could liquidate it for her more easily and free up funds. Well, she went to the care center, but didn't need the funds and was only there for a couple months.

Here is what I ran into: I had capital gains on it since I didn't get to use the stepped up basis on it, I also got to explain why the house went solely to me and then explain that it would not be an equal split from the sale since I have those taxes on it. When I went to sell it, the realtor said I had to fill everything out since I was an owner and I could not mark "I don't know" for all the points about knowledge of the house. Well, guess what, the realtor found a sue happy person and even though the roof didn't leak and even an inspector said it was fine but best to replace in a year or two, they brought in a crap contractor to change the bathroom and they tore all the pipe sealing loose. They then claimed that the roof leaked (well duh because they caused it) and they would be happy to replace the roof while there (basically forced more business for them). So the nut jobs then sent me, the realtor, and the inspector a letter threatening to sue if we didn't give them X amount of money by a certain date. If it's an estate, you don't have to fill paperwork out like an owner and can avoid those issues.
 
I went through this situation a couple years ago with my mom's estate. When my mom bought the house, the attorney added my name to the house with the rational that if she went to a care center, I could liquidate it for her more easily and free up funds. Well, she went to the care center, but didn't need the funds and was only there for a couple months.

Here is what I ran into: I had capital gains on it since I didn't get to use the stepped up basis on it, I also got to explain why the house went solely to me and then explain that it would not be an equal split from the sale since I have those taxes on it. When I went to sell it, the realtor said I had to fill everything out since I was an owner and I could not mark "I don't know" for all the points about knowledge of the house. Well, guess what, the realtor found a sue happy person and even though the roof didn't leak and even an inspector said it was fine but best to replace in a year or two, they brought in a crap contractor to change the bathroom and they tore all the pipe sealing loose. They then claimed that the roof leaked (well duh because they caused it) and they would be happy to replace the roof while there (basically forced more business for them). So the nut jobs then sent me, the realtor, and the inspector a letter threatening to sue if we didn't give them X amount of money by a certain date. If it's an estate, you don't have to fill paperwork out like an owner and can avoid those issues.
Man, I need to talk to my parents about their setup. This sounds like a nightmare.
 
Nope. Joint property is taxed as a transfer. Unless of course the joint holder is a lineal descendant, spouse, lineal ascendant, or charity.

The Iowa tax reaches all sorts of transfers that take effect at death including joint accounts, beneficiary designations on bank accounts or investment accounts, etc.

As earlier posted up thread, it doesn't tax things that will be taxed to the beneficiary for income tax purposes (like traditional retirement accounts). It also generally doesn't tax life insurance proceeds.


Yes, I know I'm not Curt.

Thanks, that answers my question.
 
I went through this situation a couple years ago with my mom's estate. When my mom bought the house, the attorney added my name to the house with the rational that if she went to a care center, I could liquidate it for her more easily and free up funds. Well, she went to the care center, but didn't need the funds and was only there for a couple months.

Here is what I ran into: I had capital gains on it since I didn't get to use the stepped up basis on it, I also got to explain why the house went solely to me and then explain that it would not be an equal split from the sale since I have those taxes on it. When I went to sell it, the realtor said I had to fill everything out since I was an owner and I could not mark "I don't know" for all the points about knowledge of the house. Well, guess what, the realtor found a sue happy person and even though the roof didn't leak and even an inspector said it was fine but best to replace in a year or two, they brought in a crap contractor to change the bathroom and they tore all the pipe sealing loose. They then claimed that the roof leaked (well duh because they caused it) and they would be happy to replace the roof while there (basically forced more business for them). So the nut jobs then sent me, the realtor, and the inspector a letter threatening to sue if we didn't give them X amount of money by a certain date. If it's an estate, you don't have to fill paperwork out like an owner and can avoid those issues.
Yeah. The planning advice you were given appears turrible.
 
If you’re a lineal descendent there is still the issue of capital gains tax, so another reason why it would not be better to QCD a relative and add them with you as an owner to your property. If you inherit the property, and then sell I don’t believe there are much if any capital gains taxes. But if you add your family member to the property, I think the capital gains would be based on the initial value when the family member was added to the property. Tax peeps, feel free to correct me if I’m wrong.
This is right in principle. Better to make arrangements to maximize stepped up income tax basis because that is where the real pain exists now. With current amounts, the Fed Estate tax impacts few people and the IA inheritance tax is on the way out. Why generate income tax liability to avoid two minor things. You can still avoid probate with a good revocable trust set up. Also, in some limited situations, a reserved life estate can work, though that can get messier.
 
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Depends. Does the Will or other document creating the transfer somehow indicate that the inheritance tax is to be paid out of the residue of the estate? What sort of assets did you "inherit"? Are you a beneficiary under a will, an intestate heir, or was it a beneficiary designation on an account or contract?

While Curt is correct about the general incidence of the tax, it isn't uncommon for the lawyers to work with the Executor or Administrator, assuming there is probate, to get the IA inheritance tax return prepared (either by them or an accountant). Often the funds will be paid either from the residue (if there is a clause to that effect) or from your share that would be distributed to you. But that's a general answer. I would suggest you contact the lawyers involved for the particulars.

I handle a lot of probates and I prepare the IA 706's myself on my estates, so also feel free to DM me if you have questions.

This is the correct answer-- it depends on how the Will is structured. In my experience, the Estate (assuming an Estate was opened) usually takes care of filing the return and paying the tax. Depending on the wording of the Will, the Executor will then either take it directly out of your share at the time of distribution or will simply take the taxes paid on behalf of the beneficiaries off the top of the estate before the division/distributions.

But as @CloneLawman has stated every scenario is different and requires the assistance of the probate attorney. You often get into beneficiaries receiving non-probate assets that are also subject to inheritance tax but not coming directly from the Estate. Furthermore, some assets aren't subject to inheritance tax. So the preparation of the return and calculation of the tax is fairly complicated and is different in each Estate, and the takeaway here is to utilize the probate attorney's guidance.
 

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