Iowa, just like ISU has a policy in place that states all positions must be publicly posted for a minimum of seven days.
Second, it is VERY common at the three regent universities to name interims for roles. ISU currently has an interim VP of DEI, Director of Equal Opportunity, along with several others. The interim person is placed in the role to maintain continuity and keep the department running on a day-to-day basis. The role and authority of an interim depends on the university leadership. Some interims are nothing more than a placeholder (Bob Bowlsby at UNI), while others are given the green light to make wholesale changes.
Search committees happen all the time for roles reporting to the university President or Provost. At Iowa, Barta retired at the start of the academic year, so these committees with a strong academic presence on them are not in position to worry about the AD role. They are trying to start the academic year. Just and FYI, ISU currently has two active search committees functioning.
As mentioned in another post, the search committee does the leg work and presents the President with the top candidates. This eliminates any potential bias, preference, etc. Often, when the committee is reviewing resumes, they won't see the name of the person to help eliminate any gender bias. This process is taken seriously by the search committees to ensure all candidates a treated equally.
Iowa is a state institution, and anyone could submit a FOIA request to get information about the search.