Re-read through this thread with a copy of these cognitive biases, and see how many you can find...
Anchoring – the common human tendency to rely too heavily, or "anchor," on one trait or piece of information when making decisions.
Bias blind spot – the tendency to see oneself as less biased than other people.
Choice-supportive bias – the tendency to remember one's choices as better than they actually were.
Confirmation bias – the tendency to search for or interpret information in a way that confirms one's preconceptions.
Experimenter's or Expectation bias – the tendency for experimenters to believe, certify, and publish data that agree with their expectations for the outcome of an experiment, and to disbelieve, discard, or downgrade the corresponding weightings for data that appear to conflict with those expectations.
Mere exposure effect – the tendency to express undue liking for things merely because of familiarity with them.
Outcome bias – the tendency to judge a decision by its eventual outcome instead of based on the quality of the decision at the time it was made.
Availability heuristic – estimating what is more likely by what is more available in memory, which is biased toward vivid, unusual, or emotionally charged examples.
Availability cascade – a self-reinforcing process in which a collective belief gains more and more plausibility through its increasing repetition in public discourse (or "repeat something long enough and it will become true").
Base rate neglect or Base rate fallacy – the tendency to base judgments on specifics, ignoring general statistical information.
Gambler's fallacy – the tendency to think that future probabilities are altered by past events, when in reality they are unchanged. Results from an erroneous conceptualization of the
Law of large numbers. For example, "I've flipped heads with this coin five times consecutively, so the chance of tails coming out on the sixth flip is much greater than heads."
Hindsight bias – sometimes called the "I-knew-it-all-along" effect, the tendency to see past events as being predictable
[30] at the time those events happened.
Illusory correlation – inaccurately perceiving a relationship between two events, either because of prejudice or selective processing of information
False consensus effect – the tendency for people to overestimate the degree to which others agree with them.
Illusion of asymmetric insight – people perceive their knowledge of their peers to surpass their peers' knowledge of them.
Hindsight bias – filtering memory of past events through present knowledge, so that those events look more predictable than they actually were; also known as the "I-knew-it-all-along effect."
Extra Credit: Pick 5 random threads on CF and see how many references you can find to the congitive biases below.
Hostile media effect - the tendency to see a media report as being biased due to one's own strong partisan views.
Pessimism bias – the tendency for some people, especially those suffering from
depression, to overestimate the likelihood of negative things happening to them.